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Títol: Innovation in innovation: the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations
Autor: Etzkowitz H
Referència: SOCIAL SCIENCE INFORMATION SUR LES SCIENCES SOCIALES 293-337 Published: SEP 2003
Volum: 42 Issue:
Pàgines: 293-337
Any: 2003
Codi ISBN/ISSN: 0539-0184
Tipus de document: Article
Paraules clau: entrepreneurial university; innovation; interdisciplinarity; Triple Helix , SCIENCE; BIOTECHNOLOGY; SYSTEMS; POLICY
Idioma: Anglès
Resum: Innovation is increasingly based upon a "Triple Helix" of university-industry-government interactions. The increased importance of knowledge and the role of the university in incubation of technology-based firms has given it a more prominent place in the institutional firmament. The entrepreneurial university takes a proactive stance in putting knowledge to use and in broadening the input into the creation of academic knowledge. Thus it operates according to an interactive rather than a linear model of innovation. As firms raise their technological level, they move closer to an academic model, engaging in higher levels of training and in sharing of knowledge. Government acts as a public entrepreneur and venture capitalist in addition to its traditional regulatory role in setting the rules of the game. Moving beyond product development, innovation then becomes an endogenous process of "taking the role of the other",, encouraging hybridization among the institutional spheres.
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